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Back to Cardiovascular Diseases
Mitral valve prolapse
Definition
abnormal protrusion (prolapse) of the mitral valve leaflets into the left
atrium during systole.
Causes
Generally unknown. However, it may be caused by a genetically determined
disorder of collagen tissue leading to myxomatous degeneration of the
mitral valve leaflets.
Clinical suspicion
Usually asymptomatic discovered by chance. Mainly affects young females
and may present with chest pain (not related to effort and not relieved
by nitrates) or with palpitations.
Diagnosis
Echocardiography
Complications
Rare complications include infective endocarditis,
arrhythmias, progressive
mitrial regurge, cerebral emboli, sudden death.
Treatment
Assurance and follow up to detect mitrial regurgitation.
Prophylaxis by
antibiotics against infective endocarditis especially during
dental manipulations. treatment of complications.
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